Books : Comparative reproductive biology of three species of swallows in a common environment.: An article from: Wilson Bulletin
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Type of bind: Digital
Format: HTML
Label: Wilson Ornithological Society
Manufacturer: Wilson Ornithological Society
Page Count: 21
Printing Date: June 01, 1998
Publishing house: Wilson Ornithological Society
Release Date: July 28, 2005
Studio: Wilson Ornithological Society
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From the author: We compared the breeding biology of sympatric and contemporaneously breeding populations of Tree (Tachycineta bicolor), Barn (Hirundo rustica) and Cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) in 1994 and 1995 in central New York to characterize their life histories under common environmental conditions. Laying dates did not vary among species, but average clutch sizes were largest in Tree Swallows (5.7 eggs), intermediate in Barn Swallows (4.7 eggs) and smallest in Cliff Swallows (3.5 eggs). Two broods were common in Barn Swallows, but Tree Swallows raised only one, and we suspect that Cliff Swallows raised only a single brood. Relative egg mass (egg mass/female mass) was higher in Barn than in Tree swallows. Most nests fledged young, and fledging sucess did not vary among species. Growth rates of four nestling traits were measured (mass, wing chord, tarsus and bill), and overall, Tree Swallows grew the fastest. Peak nestling mass was substantially higher in Cliff Swallows than the other species, probably because they gained the most fat. A literature survey of hirundinid growth rates also suggested that Tree Swallows grew faster than the other species. Per capita provisioning rates of parents (trips/nestling/h) increased seasonally and were highest in Barn Swallows. Slower' growth despite high feeding rates suggests either lower feeding efficiency or more severe effects of ectoparasitism in Barn Swallows compared to the other species. Our results show that clutch size, number of broods/season and the pattern of nestling growth vary among species and probably represent differences that have evolved because of differences in (1) the availability of suitable nest sites (i.e., the limited breeding opportunities hypothesis), (2) food supply, or (3) demographic trade-offs.
Citation Details
Title: Comparative reproductive biology of three species of swallows in a common environment.
Author: Joy M. Ramstack
Publication: Wilson Bulletin (Refereed)
Date: June 1, 1998
Publishing house: Wilson Ornithological Society
Volume: v110 Issue: n2 Page: p233(11)
Distributed by Thomson Gale
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