from: Cambridge University Press
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Type of bind: Paperback
Dewey Decimal Number: 362.1
EAN num: 9780521009430
ISBN number: 052100943X
Label: Cambridge University Press
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
Quantity: 1
Page Count: 362
Printing Date: September 09, 2002
Publishing house: Cambridge University Press
Sale Popularity Level: 588230
Studio: Cambridge University Press
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Increasing recognition of the impact that globalization may be having on public health has led to widespread concern about the risks arising from emerging and re-emerging diseases, environmental degradation and demographic change. A distinguished, international team of contributors covers a comprehensive range of topics and geographic regions herein, arguing that health policy making is being affected by globalization and that these effects are, in turn, contributing to the global health issues faced today.
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I reviewed this book for the Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law and Ethics, 2003, 3:2, 417-424. The text below is from a draft of that review -- for the final version see the reference above. (warning -- this is a little bit long!)
As I write this review, the United States has taken on the role of global "enforcer" -- we have gone to war with Iraq to effect "regime change", largely without the support of our traditional European allies - dismissively termed "old Europe". This war sets a frightening precedent - the very first time the United States has gone to war without having been attacked first. The president who has declared this war presides over the sole remaining superpower and thus, is arguably the most powerful American president in history. Coincidentally, and very sadly, among recent presidents he also stands out as one with little interest in, and experience of the rest of the world. Of the Congressmen and Senators he has to work with (and who serve as an important check on his power), only about 30% actually hold a current US passport. This war is the culmination of a unilateralist trend which began with his presidency - walking away from numerous international treaty obligations and promises on global climate change, the international court, landmines, and so many other issues. But the seeds of this trend were visible earlier: the US has become the most powerful and most influential nation, and the "driver" of globalization in so many ways, and yet we remain a nation which is largely unconcerned with the impact of its actions and policies, and those of its citizens and corporations, on the rest of the world.
That is where this book comes in. Lee, Buse and Fustukian have brought together an excellent collection of essays on a wide range of aspects of the health impact of globalization. Anyone who wants to take the time to understand the wider implications of this phenomenon will find much of value in this collection. Students of health policy and of international health would also do extremely well with this collection, and teachers of those subjects will find this a very useful contribution to the literature on this recent and evolving issue.
What do these authors understand by globalization? The authors use a definition of globalization as "processes that are changing the nature of human interaction across a wide range of spheres including the sociocultural, political, economic, technological, and ecological."(from Lee, 2001) As a consequence, boundaries whether they are "spatial, temporal, or cognitive" are changing and in some ways becoming far less important than they were previously. The authors also distinguish between "international health" and "global health", with international health relating essentially to matters between states or regions, and global health dealing with issues which are "transborder in cause or effect" and not confined to any country or group of countries.
The fourteen chapters of this book cover a wide range of issues, from an introduction to global health policy; the implications of the multilateral trade agreements; the growing enthusiasm for public/private partnerships; regulation; health care financing reform; cost-effectiveness and priority-setting; violence against women and reproductive health; the globalization of the DOTS approach to treatment of tuberculosis; aging and health policy; worker's health and safety; and finally globalization, conflict, and the humanitarian response. Some of the chapters are more directly related to the issue of globalization than others. I confess I read the introductory chapter but then moved directly to the chapter which seemed to promise the most relevance to the current world situation - chapter 13, "Globalisation, conflict, and the humanitarian response" by Anthony Zwi, Suzanne Fustukian, and Dinesh Sethi. I was not disappointed. The authors make several important observations. First, that insufficient attention has been paid in recent conflicts to "prevent or mitigate significant human rights abuses...(and) to the links between external and internal non-state actors, such as private companies and diaspora communities, that can play a major role in supporting violence..." A second key observation is that ethnic identity is playing a growing role in conflict; they quote Lipschutz and Crawford (1999) that "so-called ethnic conflicts are reflections of failing social contracts between different groups as global economic forces place governments under immense pressure to promote greater economic efficiencies and exploitation of local resources." Conflicts have winners and losers; and typically the losers are the already poor and marginalized, while those who benefit are in a position to manipulate markets or seize assets - and thus have an interest in perpetuating conflict.
The health impact of conflict includes the high mortality due to the ... Read More
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